sIgA, peroxidase and collagenase in saliva of smokers aggressive periodontal patients.

BACKGROUND: Tobacco smoking is strongly associated with destructive periodontal disease, alveolar bone loss and poor response to periodontal therapy. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of smoking on antimicrobials and destructive proteins in the saliva of patients with generalized aggressive periodontal disease. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The study group consisted of 55 adult subjects. They were classified according to their clinical diagnoses either as having generalized aggressive periodontitis (n = 27; 13 smokers and 14 non-smokers) or as periodontitis-free control group (n = 28; 14 smokers and 14 non-smokers). Total proteins, sIgA, peroxidase and collagenase were quantified in whole saliva. Data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA and Tukey tests. RESULTS: Statistical differences were found between smokers with periodontal disease and healthy control subjects for sIgA, and between non-smokers with periodontal disease and healthy control subjects for peroxidase. Collagenase activity was higher in smokers and non-smokers with periodontal disease, and tobacco use was found to increase collagenase activity in healthy subjects. CONCLUSION: Whole saliva from all patients with periodontal disease had higher sIgA and lower peroxidase content. Smokers with periodontitis had higher sIgA than smokers without periodontitis. Smokers with and without periodontitis had higher collagenase activity than non-smokers (with and without periodontitis).

Histopathologic and histomorphometric studies and determination of IL-8 in patients with periodontal disease.

BACKGROUND: Periodontitis is an inflammatory disease characterized by connective tissue breakdown and alveolar bone resorption. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to make a quantitative evaluation of the gingival tissue components in biopsies from patients with different clinical states of periodontal disease and to determine the relationship between the presence of interleukin-8 and the tissue destruction. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study group consisted of 33 biopsies from adult subjects. A total of 25 periodontal patients were sub-classified on the basis of the clinical and radiographic criteria in mild, moderate and advanced periodontitis. Gingival samples were obtained from patients in the course of basic periodontal surgeries as a muco-periostic collate. Data were analyzed by the SPSS system. RESULTS: Collagen fibres decreased as non-specific chronic states increased. A lymphocyte inflammatory infiltrate changed to a lymphoplasmocytary form. Reactivity to interleukin-8 was detected with the severity of the histopathologic diagnoses; however there was no association with the clinical diagnoses. CONCLUSIONS: Histopathology and histomorphometry of gingival tissue changed with the degree of inflammation. No evidence of interleukin-8 as a biomarker for clinical diagnoses of periodontitis was obtained.

Doença periodontal: associação com hábitos tabagísticos e doenças sistêmicas / Periodontal disease: association with smoking habit and systemic diseases

Este trabalho associa graus de severidade de periodontite agressiva e crônica ao hábito de fumar e à ocorrência de doenças sistêmicas. Selecionaram-se 83 pacientes com periodontite agressiva e crônica, classificados segundo parâmetros clínicos e radiográficos. A periodontite agressiva apresentou forte associação estatística com o hábito de fumar e moderada associação com doenças sistêmicas e a coexistência de ambas as variáveis. A periodontite crônica associou-se a ambos os fatores de modo independente. Hábito de fumar e doenças sistêmicas associaram-se fortemente aos diagnósticos de periodontite moderada e severa, tanto para periodontite agressiva como crônica. Quando coexistiram ambos os fatores, a severidade da doença relacionou-se ao número de cigarros e à complicação sistêmica.

This article addresses the association of the severity of aggressive, chronic periodontitis and smoking habits, and the establishment of systemic diseases. Eighty-three patients presenting aggressive, chronic periodontitis were selected, according to clinical and radiographical parameters. It has been established a strong correlation between the periodontitis and smoking, and a moderate correlation to the establishment of systemic diseases and the presence of both variables. Chronic periodontitis was associated to both factors independently. Smoking habit and systemic diseases have been strongly associated to moderate and severe periodontitis, regardless they were aggressive or chronic. When both factors were present, the severity of the disease was related to the number of cigarettes and systemic complications.

Changes in saliva protein composition in patients with periodontal disease.

Periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory disease characterized by tissue destruction which is usually diagnosed through clinical and radiographic signs. The detection of changes in the chemical composition of saliva could be used to reflect gingivo-periodontal alterations. The aim of this study was to identify salivary parameters that could identify different stages of the periodontal disease. The study group included 118 adults, 89 of them with mild, moderate or severe chronic periodontitis. The remaining participants comprised the control group. Total saliva was analyzed for physical and chemical properties. Dodecyl sulphate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) was used for protein detection and zymography for type IV collagenase identification. Salivary flow rate, pH and buffer capacity showed similar values in all groups. Proteins were augmented in severe periodontitis, as also shown by SDS-PAGE. Hydroxyproline rose significantly in all periodontal groups as secretory Immunoglobulin A significantly diminished compared with the control group. An increase in peroxidase was detected in moderate and severe periodontitis. All salivary samples contained 200-116-92 kDa gelatinases; minor bands at 66-31 kDa were also present in all periodontitis groups. Calcium levels showed significant differences between all periodontitis groups compared with the control group. Quantitative changes in the chemical composition of the saliva of patients with periodontal disease could be of significance in the diagnosis and progression of periodontal disease.

Changes in saliva protein composition in patients with periodontal disease

Periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory disease characterized by tissue destruction which is usually diagnosed through clinical and radiographic signs. The detection of changes in the chemical composition of saliva could be used to reflect gingivo- periodontal alterations. The aim of this study was to identify salivary parameters that could identify different stages of the periodontal disease. The study group included 118 adults, 89 of them with mild, moderate or severe chronic periodontitis. The remaining participants comprised the control group. Total saliva was analyzed for physical and chemical properties. Dodecyl sulphate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) was used for protein detection and zymography for type IV collagenase identification. Salivary flow rate, pH and buffer capacity showed similar values in all groups. Proteins were augmented in severe periodontitis, as also shown by SDS-PAGE. Hydroxyproline rose significantly in all periodontal groups as secretory Immunoglobulin A significantly diminished compared with the control group. An increase in peroxidase was detected in moderate and severe periodontitis. All salivary samples contained 200-116-92 kDa gelatinases; minor bands at 66-31 kDa were also present in all periodontitis groups. Calcium levels showed significant differences between all periodontitis groups compared with the control group. Quantitative changes in the chemical composition of the saliva of patients with periodontal disease could be of significance in the diagnosis and progression of periodontal disease.

La Periodontitis es una enfermedad inflamatoria crónica caracterizada por destrucción tisular que se diagnostica generalmente a través de signos clínicos y radiográficos. Sin embargo la detección de cambios en la composición química de la saliva podrían ser empleados para reflejar alteraciones gingivo-periodontales. El objetivo de este estudio fue encontrar parámetros salivales que pudieran identificar diferentes estadios de la enfermedad periodontal. El grupo de estudio incluyo 118 adultos, 89 de los cuales con enfermedad periodontal crónica leve, moderada o severa El resto constituyo el grupo control. Se analizaron las propiedades físicas y químicas de la saliva total. La separación de proteínas fue realizada empleando la electroforesis en geles de poliacrilamida conteniendo dodecil sulfato de sodio y la identificación de colagenasa tipo IV se realizo empleando la zimografia. Flujo salival, pH y capacidad bufferante mostraron valores similares en todos los grupos. Las proteínas estuvieron aumentadas en la periodontitis grave lo cual también se mostró por medio de la electroforesis. Hidroxiprolina aumento significativamente en todos los grupos de pacientes con enfermedad periodontal, mientras IgA secretoria se encontró significativamente disminuida respecto al grupo control. Un incremento en los valores de peroxidasa se detecto en las periodontitis moderada y grave. Todas las muestras contenían gelatinasas de 200-116-92 kDa; sin embargo todos los grupos de pacientes con enfermedad periodontal también presentaron bandas de peso molecular menor (66-31 kDa). Los niveles de calcio mostraron diferencias significativas entre todos los grupos de pacientes con periodontitis cuando se los comparo con el grupo control. Cambios cuantitativos en la composición química de la saliva de pacientes con enfermedad periodontal podrían tener significancia en el diagnostico y progresión de la enfermedad periodontal.